5、动名词作状语 

　　动名词作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动名词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。

　　Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden. (时间)

　　打扫完房间，我们开始在花园里除草。

　　Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work. (时间)

　　进屋以后，她看到人人都在工作。

　　Being ill, he couldn't go to school. (原因)

　　因为生病，他不能去上学。

　　Having no interest in the topic, he didn't go to the lecture. (原因)

　　由于对这个话题没有兴趣，他没去参加讲座。

　　Working diligently, you will certainly succeed. (条件)

　　只要刻苦学习，你会成功的。

　　Using atomic energy, we can build spaceships. (条件)

　　利用原子能，我们能够建造太空船。

　　Granting the achievements to be great, there is still something to be desired. (让步)

　　(尽管)成绩是巨大的，(但)仍有一些要求改进的东西。

　　My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果)

　　我的车被交通拥挤堵住，所以延误了。

　　Traveling by train, we visited a number of cities. (方式)

　　我们坐火车访问了好多城市。

　　Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. (伴随)

　　玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。